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The term "trigger point" was coined in 1942 by Dr. Janet Travell to describe a clinical finding with the following characteristics: [citation needed]. Pain related to a discrete, irritable point in skeletal muscle or fascia, not caused by acute local trauma, inflammation, degeneration, neoplasm or infection.
Travell's research resulted in over 100 scientific articles, as well as the acclaimed 1983 co-authored book with David G. Simons: Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction. The Trigger Point Manual. She also wrote her autobiography, Office Hours: Day and Night, which sheds light on her career and life.
Dry needling for the treatment of myofascial (muscular) trigger points is based on theories similar, but not exclusive, to traditional acupuncture; both acupuncture and dry needling target the trigger points, which is a direct and palpable source of patient pain. [1]
The MTrPs found in MPS present overt palpable nodular structures within the muscle, while aside from tenderness, the trigger points in FM are indistinguishable from surrounding tissue. [5] However, there are some challenges distinguishing these syndromes: [5] Difficulty differentiating FM trigger points from myofascial trigger points
Simons went on to a distinguished career in academic medicine as an instructor at the VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California. He authored more than 200 publications on trigger points and related treatments for chronic myofascial pain. He co-authored the Trigger Point Manual with Janet G. Travell. [6]
In neuroscience and neurology, a trigger zone is an area in the body, or of a cell, in which a specific type of stimulation triggers a specific type of response.. The term was first used in this context around 1914 by Hugh T. Patrick, who was writing about trigeminal neuralgia, a condition in which pain fibers in the trigeminal nerve become hypersensitive. [1]
A trauma trigger is a psychological stimulus that prompts involuntary recall of a previous traumatic experience. The stimulus itself need not be frightening or traumatic and may be only indirectly or superficially reminiscent of an earlier traumatic incident, such as a scent or a piece of clothing. [ 1 ]
It was discovered by James Simons in 1968. [1] It can be viewed as a formula for the Laplacian of the second fundamental form of a Riemannian submanifold . It is often quoted and used in the less precise form of a formula or inequality for the Laplacian of the length of the second fundamental form.