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The patterns of seed dispersal are determined in large part by the specific dispersal mechanism, and this has important implications for the demographic and genetic structure of plant populations, as well as migration patterns and species interactions. There are five main modes of seed dispersal: gravity, wind, ballistic, water, and by animals.
Wildebeest migrating in the Serengeti. Migration, in ecology, is the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment.Migration is a natural behavior and component of the life cycle of many species of mobile organisms, not limited to animals, though animal migration is the best known type.
Sep. 30—Migration is as natural as hummingbirds flying south for the winter. "Migratory" pairs the migration of plants and animals with human movement for survival. Developed by Mexico City ...
The positive force of forest migration, plant population expansion, is governed by the seed dispersal capacity of the tree species' population and seedling establishment success. The population expansion limiting force, negative force, is the suppression by the environment of species' success in an area.
Between 510 and 630 million years ago, however, land plants emerged within the green algae. [42] Molecular phylogenetic studies conclude that bryophytes are the earliest diverging lineages of the extant land plants. [22] [3] [43] [44] They provide insights into the migration of plants from aquatic environments to land. A number of physical ...
These interactions (whether it be plant-plant, animal-animal, predator-prey or plant-animal interactions) can be vital to the success and survival of populations and therefore species. Many species experience changes in life cycle development, migration or in some other process/behavior at different times in the season than previous patterns ...
A 2011 discussion paper in the British Columbia Journal of Ecosystems and Management offered this definition of assisted migration: "the purposeful movement of species to facilitate or mimic natural population or range expansion to help ensure forest plantations remain resilient in future climates."
[1] [2] Rare long-distance seed dispersal events have been hypothesized to explain these fast migration rates, but the dispersal vector(s) are still unknown. The plant species' geographic range expansion rates are compared to the actualistic rates of seed dispersal using mathematical models, and are graphically visualized using dispersal kernels.