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Agranulocytosis, also known as agranulosis or granulopenia, is an acute condition involving a severe and dangerous lowered white blood cell count (leukopenia, most commonly of neutrophils) and thus causing neutropenia in the circulating blood. [1] It is a severe lack of one major class of infection-fighting white blood cells.
Leukopenia (from Greek λευκός (leukos) 'white' and πενία (penia) 'deficiency') is a decrease in the number of leukocytes (WBC). Found in the blood, they are the white blood cells, and are the body's primary defense against an infection. Thus the condition of leukopenia places individuals at increased risk of infection.
Neutropenia is an abnormally low concentration of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood. [4] Neutrophils make up the majority of circulating white blood cells and serve as the primary defense against infections by destroying bacteria, bacterial fragments and immunoglobulin-bound viruses in the blood. [5]
This same gene is mutated in cyclic neutropenia. [9] SCN2 is caused by heterozygous (autosomal dominant) mutation of the GFI1 gene on chromosome 1p22. [10] GFI1 is a repressor of several transcriptional processes, including ELANE, [3] [10] as well as miR-21 and miR-196b micro-RNAs which influence myelopoiesis. [3]
This is a shortened version of the fourth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Blood and Blood-forming Organs. It covers ICD codes 280 to 289. The full chapter can be found on pages 167 to 175 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
MDS is diagnosed with any type of cytopenia (anemia, thrombocytopenia, or neutropenia) being present for at least 6 months, the presence of at least 10% dysplasia or blasts (immature cells) in 1 cell lineage, and MDS associated genetic changes, molecular markers or chromosomal abnormalities. [36] A typical diagnostic investigation includes:
Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is a form of neutropenia which is most common in infants and young children [1] where the body identifies the neutrophils as enemies and makes antibodies to destroy them. Primary autoimmune neutropenia, another name for autoimmune neutropenia, is an autoimmune disease first reported in 1975 that primarily occurs in ...
Leukocytosis is a condition in which the white cell count is above the normal range in the blood. [1] [2] It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response, [3] most commonly the result of infection, but may also occur following certain parasitic infections or bone tumors as well as leukemia.