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An abacus (pl. abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a hand-operated calculating tool which was used from ancient times in the ancient Near East, Europe, China, and Russia, until the adoption of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system. [1] An abacus consists of a two-dimensional array of slidable beads (or similar objects). In their ...
Music of Russia denotes music produced from Russia and/or by Russians. Russia is a large and culturally diverse country, with many ethnic groups , each with their own locally developed music. Russian music also includes significant contributions from ethnic minorities , who populated the Russian Empire , the Soviet Union and modern-day Russia .
The Obikhod (Обиход церковного пения) is a collection of polyphonic Russian Orthodox liturgical chants forming a major tradition of Russian liturgical music; it includes both liturgical texts and psalm settings. The original Obikhod, the book of rites of the monastery of Volokolamsk, was composed about 1575. Among its ...
Russian classical music is a genre of classical music related to Russia's culture, people, or character.The 19th-century romantic period saw the largest development of this genre, with the emergence in particular of The Five, a group of composers associated with Mily Balakirev, and of the more German style of Pyotr Tchaikovsky.
(In Cavos's version, Ivan is spared at the last minute.) [21] It was also the first Russian opera where the music continued throughout, uninterrupted by spoken dialogue. [19] Moreover—and this is what amazed contemporaries about the work—the music included folk songs and Russian national idioms, incorporating them into the drama.
This music is closely tied in with village life and traditions. It was usually not performed by professional musicians. From the Central Committee's resolution of 1932, [4] which prescribed musical literacy (in parallel to the drive to industrialise the Soviet Union), there has been a marked decline in authentic folk performance practice.
The gusli is one of the oldest musical instruments that have played an important role in the Russian music culture. Vertkov states that the first mentions of the gusli date back to 591 AD to a treatise by the Greek historian Theophylact Simocatta which describes the instrument being used by Slavs from the area of the later Kievan Rus' kingdom.
Lyadov introduced timber millionaire and philanthropist Mitrofan Belyayev to the music of the teenage Alexander Glazunov. [4] Interest in Glazunov's music quickly grew to Belyayev's patronage of an entire group of Russian nationalist composers. [4] In 1884 Belyayev instituted the Russian Symphony Concerts and established the annual Glinka Prize ...