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Azacitidine, sold under the brand name Vidaza among others, is a medication used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloid leukemia, [5] [6] and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. [ 4 ] [ 9 ] It is a chemical analog of cytidine , a nucleoside in DNA and RNA .
Venetoclax is also indicated as part of a combination therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [7] For this purpose it is used with azacitidine, decitabine, or low-dose cytarabine for newly diagnosed adults who are age 75 years or older, or those with other health problems where intensive chemotherapy cannot be used.
Cytidine analogs such as 5-azacytidine (azacitidine) and 5-azadeoxycytidine are the most commonly used demethylating agents. They work by inhibiting DNA methyltransferases. [1] Both compounds have been approved in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in United States.
Decitabine (i.e., 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine), sold under the brand name Dacogen among others, acts as a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. [4] It is a medication for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, a class of conditions where certain blood cells are dysfunctional, and for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). [5] Chemically, it is a cytidine ...
A hypomethylating agent (or demethylating agent [1]) is a drug that inhibits DNA methylation: the modification of DNA nucleotides by addition of a methyl group.Because DNA methylation affects cellular function through successive generations of cells without changing the underlying DNA sequence, treatment with a hypomethylating agent is considered a type of epigenetic therapy.
Malignant melanoma of the extremities, multiple myeloma, conditioning treatment before haemopoietic stem cell transplant. Myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis (uncommon), skin necrosis (uncommon), anaphylaxis, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and SIADH. Secondary malignancies. [16] Streptozotocin: IV, PO: Alkylates DNA.
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