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In vector spaces, the Euclidean norm is a measure of magnitude used to define a distance between two points in space. In physics , magnitude can be defined as quantity or distance. An order of magnitude is typically defined as a unit of distance between one number and another's numerical places on the decimal scale.
Burgers vector, a vector that represents the magnitude and direction of the lattice distortion of dislocation in a crystal lattice; Interval vector, in musical set theory, an array that expresses the intervallic content of a pitch-class set; Probability vector, in statistics, a vector with non-negative entries that sum to one.
In mathematics and statistics, a probability vector or stochastic vector is a vector with non-negative entries that add up to one.. The positions (indices) of a probability vector represent the possible outcomes of a discrete random variable, and the vector gives us the probability mass function of that random variable, which is the standard way of characterizing a discrete probability ...
In mathematics, a norm is a function from a real or complex vector space to the non-negative real numbers that behaves in certain ways like the distance from the origin: it commutes with scaling, obeys a form of the triangle inequality, and zero is only at the origin.
A Rayleigh distribution is often observed when the overall magnitude of a vector in the plane is related to its directional components. One example where the Rayleigh distribution naturally arises is when wind velocity is analyzed in two dimensions .
If is a vector-valued random variable, with values in , and thought of as a column vector, then a natural generalization of variance is [() ()], where = and is the transpose of X, and so is a row vector.
The goal of experimental design is to construct experiments in such a way that when the observations are analyzed, the MSE is close to zero relative to the magnitude of at least one of the estimated treatment effects. In one-way analysis of variance, MSE can be calculated by the division of the sum of squared errors and the degree of freedom ...
A vector is what is needed to "carry" the point A to the point B; the Latin word vector means "carrier". [4] It was first used by 18th century astronomers investigating planetary revolution around the Sun. [5] The magnitude of the vector is the distance between the two points, and the direction refers to the direction of displacement from A to B.