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The deltoid ligament (or medial ligament of talocrural joint) is a strong, flat, triangular band, attached, above, to the apex and anterior and posterior borders of the medial malleolus. The deltoid ligament supports the ankle joint and also resists excessive eversion of the foot. [1] The deltoid ligament is composed of 4 fibers:
The summit of the medial malleolus is marked by a rough depression behind, for the attachment of the deltoid ligament. The major structure that passes anterior to the medial malleolus is the saphenous vein. Structures that pass behind medial malleolus deep to the flexor retinaculum: Tibialis posterior tendon; Flexor digitorum longus
The flexor digitorum longus runs along the medial posterior side of the lower leg and aids in flexions of the toes (apart from the big toe). The flexor digitorum longus muscle arises from the posterior surface of the body of the tibia, from immediately below the soleal line to within 7 or 8 cm of its lower extremity, medial to the tibial origin of the tibialis posterior muscle.
The ankle joint is bound by the strong deltoid ligament and three lateral ligaments: the anterior talofibular ligament, the posterior talofibular ligament, and the calcaneofibular ligament. The deltoid ligament supports the medial side of the joint, and is attached at the medial malleolus of the tibia and connect in four places to the talar ...
The tarsus forms the lower part of the ankle joint. It transmits the entire weight of the body from the lower legs to the foot. [3] The talus has joints with the two bones of the lower leg, the tibia and thinner fibula. These leg bones have two prominences (the lateral and medial malleoli) that articulate with the talus.
These muscles are part of the posterior compartment of the leg and aid in walking, running and jumping. Their specific functions include plantarflexion of the foot, flexion of the knee, and steadying the leg on the ankle during standing. The calcaneus also serves as origin for several short muscles that run along the sole of the foot and ...
The player receives a blow to the outside of the ankle, causing the ankle to roll inwards (so that the sole of the foot faces laterally). This damages the ligaments on the inside of the ankle and fractures the fibula at the point of contact (usually just above the tibiofibular syndesmosis).
Damage to the deltoid ligament and syndesmotic ligaments result in mortise instability, causing the talus to laterally shift and widen the medial clear space. [ 4 ] [ 12 ] A clinical study, conducted in 2006 and published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery , found that the medial clear space size of a normal ankle and an injured ankle ...