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Dipyridamole inhibits platelet phosphodiesterase, causing an increase in cyclic AMP with potentiation of the action of PGI 2 – opposes actions of TXA 2 Epoprostenol is a prostacyclin that is used to inhibit platelet aggregation during renal dialysis (with or without heparin) and is also used in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Platelet aggregation plays a critical role in the genesis of a resulting thrombus. Adhesion should remain local, but platelet aggregation must grow exponentially to form a platelet thrombus and prevent blood loss. Platelet aggregation factors are the regulators that enhance the adhesion and stimulate the platelets to secrete its granules.
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are frequently used during percutaneous coronary intervention (angioplasty with or without intracoronary stent placement). They work by preventing platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. They do so by inhibition of the GpIIb/IIIa receptor on the surface of the platelets.
The first P2Y 12 inhibitors were of the thienopyridine family. They are indirect antagonists, which block the ADP-induced platelet aggregation and activation. The first drug of this class was ticlopidine and was discovered in 1972 at Porcor (now Sanofi). It was discovered while screening for a new anti-inflammatory drug based on tinoridine.
On the other hand, P2Y 12 inhibitors do not change the risk of death when given as a pretreatment prior to routine PCI in people who have had a non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction . Though, a P2Y 12 inhibitor in addition to aspirin should be administered for up to 12 months to most patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. They ...
Abciximab, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist manufactured by Janssen Biologics BV and distributed by Eli Lilly under the trade name ReoPro, is a platelet aggregation inhibitor mainly used during and after coronary artery procedures like angioplasty to prevent platelets from sticking together and causing thrombus formation within the coronary artery.
[34] [35] ADP-induced platelet aggregation and activation are hence hindered. Examples include clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor. Clopidogrel has a common drug interaction with CYP2C19 inhibitors, particularly omeprazole and esomeprazole which are indicated for treatment of peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 3 (PDE 3) with therapeutic focus on increasing cAMP. An increase in cAMP results in an increase in the active form of protein kinase A (PKA), which is directly related with an inhibition in platelet aggregation. PKA also prevents the activation of an enzyme (myosin light-chain kinase ...