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The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry, includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transportation (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing of petroleum products. The largest volume products of the industry are fuel oil and gasoline (petrol).
Oil field in California, 1938. The modern history of petroleum began in the nineteenth century with the refining of paraffin from crude oil. The Scottish chemist James Young in 1847 noticed a natural petroleum seepage in the Riddings colliery at Alfreton, Derbyshire from which he distilled a light thin oil suitable for use as lamp oil, at the same time obtaining a thicker oil suitable for ...
Although some oil was produced commercially before 1859 as a byproduct from salt brine wells, the American oil industry started on a major scale with the discovery of oil at the Drake Well in western Pennsylvania in 1859. US crude oil production initially peaked in 1970 at 9.64 million barrels (1,533,000 m 3) per day.
The largest volume products of the industry are fuel oil and gasoline (petrol). Petroleum is also the raw material for many chemical products, including pharmaceuticals, solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, synthetic fragrances, and plastics. The industry is usually divided into three major components: upstream, midstream, and downstream.
Total revenue of oil and gas companies is listed in billions of U.S. dollars. Total revenue is usually self-reported by the company, and often reported by neutral, unbiased, reliable publications. Reported data may be subsequently revised or restated due to a wide range of issues such as exchange rates, contract settlements, or mid-year ...
Top 5 oil-producing countries 1980–2022 World oil production. This is a list of countries by oil production (i.e., petroleum production), as compiled from the U.S. Energy Information Administration database for calendar year 2023, tabulating all countries on a comparable best-estimate basis.
The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors: upstream (also called exploration and production or E&P), midstream and downstream. [1] [2] The upstream sector includes searching for potential underground or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields, drilling exploratory wells, and subsequently operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil or raw natural gas ...
While Edmonton (population 972,223 thousand in 2019 [20]) is the provincial capital and is considered the pipeline, manufacturing, chemical processing, research and refining centre of the Canadian oil industry, its rival city Calgary (population 1.26 million [20]) is the main oil company head office and financial centre, with more than 960 ...