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Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last monarch of France.
The Bonapartistes desired an empire under the House of Bonaparte, the Corsican family of Napoleon Bonaparte (Napoleon I of France) and his nephew Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III of France). [2] In the 21st century, the term is more generally used for political movements that advocate for an authoritarian centralised state , with a strongman and ...
Ronald James Gould (born April 15, 1950) is an American mathematician specializing in combinatorics and graph theory. He is a Goodrich C. White professor emeritus in the Emory University Department of Mathematics.
Charles Joseph Minard (/ m ɪ ˈ n ɑːr /; French:; 27 March 1781 – 24 October 1870) was a French civil engineer recognized for his significant contribution in the field of information graphics in civil engineering and statistics.
[citation needed] The essay serves as a major historiographic application of Marx's theory of historical materialism. The Eighteenth Brumaire focuses on the 1851 French coup d'état, by which Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, president of the Second Republic and Napoléon Bonaparte's nephew, became emperor of the Second French Empire as Napoleon III.
The Second French Empire, [a] officially the French Empire, [b] was the government of France from 1852 to 1870. It was established on 2 December 1852 by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, president of France under the French Second Republic, who proclaimed himself Emperor of the French as Napoleon III.
The spread of democratic and secular ideas in Europe and North America in the 18th and 19th centuries made it increasingly difficult for monarchs to preserve this aura, though Napoleon III, [2] and Queen Victoria [3] appreciated its perpetuation in their carte-de-visite portraits which proliferated, circulated and were collected in the 19th ...
The Third of May 1808 by Francisco Goya, attacks Napoleon by showing Spanish resisters being executed by his soldiers.. In the political realm, historians debate whether Napoleon was "an enlightened despot who laid the foundations of modern Europe" or "a megalomaniac who wrought greater misery than any man before the coming of Hitler". [4]