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The DNA repair function of alpha-synuclein appears to be compromised in Lewy body inclusion bearing neurons, and this may trigger cell death. Study of synucleinopathy mouse models of Parkinson's disease indicates that alpha-synuclein pathogenesis is associated with increased DNA damage and activation of the DNA damage response. [19]
Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as one percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. [17] It is expressed highly in neurons within the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and olfactory bulb, [17] but can also be found in the non-neuronal glial cells. [18]
An anti-α-synuclein drug, or an α-synuclein inhibitor, is a drug which blocks or inhibits α-synuclein. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] α-Synuclein is a protein which is thought to be involved in the development and progression of α-synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease , dementia with Lewy bodies , and multiple system atrophy .
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is well defined in the Biomolecular condensate page. LLPS databases cover different aspects of LLPS phenomena, ranging from cellular location of the Membraneless Organelles (MLOs) to the role of a particular protein/region forming the condensate state.
Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. [5] [6] The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression. [7] [8]
Beta-synuclein is suggested to be an inhibitor of alpha-synuclein aggregation, which occurs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Thus, beta-synuclein may protect the central nervous system from the neurotoxic effects of alpha-synuclein and provide a novel treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
The range of biological mechanisms involved in LLPS, the limited knowledge about these mechanisms and the important context-dependent component of LLPS make this problem challenging. In the last years, despite the advances in this field, just few predictors, specific for LLPS, have been developed, trying to understand the relationship between ...
20618 Ensembl ENSG00000173267 ENSMUSG00000023064 UniProt O76070 Q9Z0F7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003087 NM_001330120 NM_011430 RefSeq (protein) NP_001317049 NP_003078 NP_035560 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 86.96 – 86.96 Mb Chr 14: 34.09 – 34.1 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Gamma-synuclein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNCG gene. Synuclein-gamma is a member of ...