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Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as one percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. [17] It is expressed highly in neurons within the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and olfactory bulb, [17] but can also be found in the non-neuronal glial cells. [18]
Alpha-synuclein deposits can affect the cardiac muscle and blood vessels. [15] Almost all people with synucleinopathies have cardiovascular dysfunction, although most are asymptomatic. [15] From chewing to defecation, alpha-synuclein deposits affect every level of gastrointestinal
Alpha-synuclein modulates DNA repair processes, including repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the process of non-homologous end joining [13] The repair function of alpha-synuclein appears to be greatly reduced in Lewy body bearing neurons, and this reduction may trigger cell death.
Other types of dementia that affect those over 65 include Lewy body dementia, brought on by abnormal deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein known as Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, created by ...
These deposits of alpha-synuclein (called Lewy bodies) can cause severe consequences. The most common symptoms of LBD include impaired thinking, fluctuations in attention, problems with movement ...
Alpha-synuclein deposits can affect cardiac muscle and blood vessels. [74] "Degeneration of the cardiac sympathetic nerves is a neuropathological feature" of the Lewy body dementias, according to Yamada et al. [75] Almost all people with synucleinopathies have cardiovascular dysfunction, although most are asymptomatic. [76]
Lewy bodies and neurites have been found to develop from the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein, a protein thought to assist in neurotransmitter release and vesicle turnover; whether these misfolded proteins are responsible for the neurodegenerative effects remains unclear, and no definitive link between Lewy bodies and neurodegenerative ...
Positive Alpha-Synuclein staining of a Lewy body in a patient with Parkinson's disease. Braak staging refers to two methods used to classify the degree of pathology in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. These methods are used both in research and for the clinical diagnosis of these diseases and are obtained by performing an autopsy of ...