Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Illustration of an activator. In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. [ 1 ][ 2 ] The function of TFs is to regulate—turn on and off—genes in order ...
Scanning electron micrograph of HIV-1, colored green, budding from a cultured lymphocyte. HIV is the cause of the spectrum of disease known as HIV/AIDS. HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells.
In biology, cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is the process by which a cell interacts with itself, other cells, and the environment. Cell signaling is a fundamental property of all cellular life in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Typically, the signaling process involves three components: the signal, the receptor, and the ...
In genetics, an enhancer is a short (50–1500 bp) region of DNA that can be bound by proteins (activators) to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur. [ 1 ][ 2 ] These proteins are usually referred to as transcription factors. Enhancers are cis -acting.
A homeobox is a DNA sequence, around 180 base pairs long, that regulates large-scale anatomical features in the early stages of embryonic development. Mutations in a homeobox may change large-scale anatomical features of the full-grown organism. Homeoboxes are found within genes that are involved in the regulation of patterns of anatomical ...
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (eIF2) is an eukaryotic initiation factor.It is required for most forms of eukaryotic translation initiation. eIF2 mediates the binding of tRNA i Met to the ribosome in a GTP-dependent manner. eIF2 is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha (also called subunit 1, EIF2S1), a beta (subunit 2, EIF2S2), and a gamma (subunit 3, EIF2S3) subunit.
As both blood type and Rh factor are genetically inherited traits controlled by alleles located on chromosome 9 and chromosome 1 respectively, the study indicates a potential link between genes on autosomes and homosexuality. [40] [41] The biology of sexual orientation has been studied in detail in several animal model systems.
The F-plasmid (first named F by one of its discoverers Esther Lederberg；also called the sex factor in E. coli，the F sex factor, or the fertility factor) [1][2][3] allows genes to be transferred from one bacterium carrying the factor to another bacterium lacking the factor by conjugation. The F factor was the first plasmid to be discovered.