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Dunbar's number. Dunbar's number is a suggested cognitive limit to the number of people with whom one can maintain stable social relationships—relationships in which an individual knows who each person is and how each person relates to every other person. [1][2] This number was first proposed in the 1990s by British anthropologist Robin ...
The frequency illusion (also known as the Baader–Meinhof phenomenon) is a cognitive bias in which a person notices a specific concept, word, or product more frequently after recently becoming aware of it. The name "Baader–Meinhof phenomenon" was coined in 1994 by Terry Mullen in a letter to the St. Paul Pioneer Press. [1]
The illusory truth effect (also known as the illusion of truth effect, validity effect, truth effect, or the reiteration effect) is the tendency to believe false information to be correct after repeated exposure. [1] This phenomenon was first identified in a 1977 study at Villanova University and Temple University.
Ptolemy (c. AD 90 – c. 168) stated, "We consider it a good principle to explain the phenomena by the simplest hypothesis possible." [ 12 ] Phrases such as "It is vain to do with more what can be done with fewer" and "A plurality is not to be posited without necessity" were commonplace in 13th-century scholastic writing. [ 12 ]
The End of the World narrative has much in common with The Castle by Franz Kafka. [9] Both deal with newcomers to strange villages who are both intrigued and horrified by the behavior of the villagers. [citation needed] The image of losing one's shadow when approaching the end of the world is found in Knut Hamsun's 1898 novel Victoria.
Dyscalculia (/ ˌdɪskælˈkjuːliə /) [1][2][3][4] is a learning disability resulting in difficulty learning or comprehending arithmetic, such as difficulty in understanding numbers, learning how to manipulate numbers, performing mathematical calculations, and learning facts in mathematics. It is sometimes colloquially referred to as "math ...
This question has been written about by philosophers since at least the ancient Parmenides (c. 515 BC). [1] [2]"Why is there anything at all?" or "why is there something rather than nothing?" is a question about the reason for basic existence which has been raised or commented on by a range of philosophers and physicists, including Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, [3] Ludwig Wittgenstein, [4] and ...
Later research on short-term memory and working memory revealed that memory span is not a constant even when measured in a number of chunks. The number of chunks a human can recall immediately after presentation depends on the category of chunks used (e.g., span is around seven for digits, around six for letters, and around five for words), and even on features of the chunks within a category.