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Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to reduce pain, fever, and/or inflammation, and as an antithrombotic. [ 10 ] Specific inflammatory conditions that aspirin is used to treat include Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, and rheumatic fever.
The acutely toxic dose of aspirin is generally considered greater than 150 mg per kg of body mass. [12] Moderate toxicity occurs at doses up to 300 mg/kg, severe toxicity occurs between 300 and 500 mg/kg, and a potentially lethal dose is greater than 500 mg/kg. [ 13 ]
Mechanism of action of aspirin. Tridimensional model of the chemical structure of aspirin. Aspirin causes several different effects in the body, mainly the reduction of inflammation, analgesia (relief of pain), the prevention of clotting, and the reduction of fever. Much of this is believed to be due to decreased production of prostaglandins ...
Aspirin may boost the body’s immune response against cancer cells. However, research has been mixed on whether regularly taking aspirin helps lower the odds that someone who has been diagnosed ...
Risk of adverse advents such as bleeding or gastrointestinal side effects is relatively high with daily aspirin therapy. Even a 81 mg daily aspirin regimen for cardiovascular benefits has been shown to increase risk of long-term bleeding, [27] so the significantly higher aspirin doses used for maintenance therapy are of some concern. [19]
History of aspirin. Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), an organic compound that does not occur in nature, was first synthesised in 1899. In 1897, scientists at the drug and dye firm Bayer began investigating acetylated organic compounds as possible new medicines, following the success of acetanilide ten years earlier.
Metamizole. Urine (96%, IV; 85%, oral), faeces (4%, IV). [4] Metamizole or dipyrone is a painkiller, spasm reliever, and fever reliever drug. It is most commonly given by mouth or by intravenous infusion. [13][11][14] It belongs to the ampyrone sulfonate family of medicines and was patented in 1922.
Mefenamic acid is contraindicated in people who have shown hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria and asthma to this drug or to other NSAIDs (e.g. aspirin); those with peptic ulcers or chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract; those with kidney or liver disease; heart failure; after coronary artery bypass surgery; and during the third trimester of pregnancy.