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Archaic humans emerged out of Africa between 0.5 and 1.8 million years ago. This was followed by the emergence of modern humans (Homo sapiens) in East Africa around 300,000–250,000 years ago. In the 4th millenium BC written history arose in Ancient Egypt, [1] and later in Nubia 's Kush, the Horn of Africa 's Dʿmt, and the Maghreb 's and ...
As modern humans spread out from Africa, they encountered other hominins such as H. neanderthalensis and the Denisovans, who may have evolved from populations of H. erectus that had left Africa around . The nature of interaction between early humans and these sister species has been a long-standing source of controversy, the question being ...
In paleoanthropology, the recent African origin of modern humans or the " Out of Africa " theory (OOA) [ a ] is the most widely accepted [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] model of the geographic origin and early migration of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens). It follows the early expansions of hominins out of Africa, accomplished by Homo erectus and then ...
Human history. Human history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers. They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had populated most of the Earth by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.
Early human migrations. Putative migration waves out of Africa and back migrations into the continent, as well as the locations of major ancient human remains and archeological sites (López et al., 2015). Early human migrations are the earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents.
Sub-Saharan African countries spent on average 0.3% of their GDP on S&T (Science and Technology) in 2007. This represents a combined increase from US$1.8bn in 2002 to US$2.8bn in 2007. North African countries spend a comparative 0.4% of GDP on research, an increase from US$2.6bn in 2002 to US$3.3bn in 2007.
Recent genetic and archeologic data suggests that Homo sapiens-subgroups originated in multiple regions of Africa, not confined to a single sub-region of origin, with the last common ancestor of all modern humans expanding from a single region absorbing or replacing various deep lineages (described as archaic ghosts).
The General History of Africa (GHA) is a two-phase project launched by UNESCO in 1964, producing a volume history of Africa first published in 1981 up to the present. [1] General History of Africa (in Portuguese). The 1964 General Conference of UNESCO, during its 13th Session, instructed the Organization to undertake this initiative after the ...