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Ninety-five Theses. The Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences[ a ] is a list of propositions for an academic disputation written in 1517 by Martin Luther, then a professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, Germany. [ b ] The Theses is retrospectively considered to have launched the ...
The pamphlet was an instant hit and was reprinted 14 times in 1518 alone, in print runs of at least 1,000 copies. It is regarded by many as the true starting point of the Reformation . Luther wrote the sermon in German, unlike his 95 Theses (written in Latin ), and avoided regional vocabulary to ensure that his words were intelligible across ...
t. e. Martin Luther OSA (/ ˈluːθər / LOO-thər; [ 1 ]German: [ˈmaʁtiːn ˈlʊtɐ] ⓘ; 10 November 1483 [ 2 ] – 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar. [ 3 ] Luther was the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and his theological beliefs form the basis of Lutheranism.
Reformation Day is a Protestant Christian religious holiday celebrated on 31 October in remembrance of the onset of the Reformation. According to Philip Melanchthon, 31 October 1517 was the day Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Theses on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg, Electorate of Saxony, in the Holy Roman Empire.
Martin Luther's doctrine of the two kingdoms (or two reigns) of God teaches that God is the ruler of the whole world and that he rules in two ways, both by the law and by the gospel. God rules the earthly kingdom through secular government, by means of law and the sword.
The theses were published both in Latin and German and their number corresponds to the 95 Theses of Martin Luther. The title alludes to the Book of Ecclesiastes in the Old Testament: "The words of the wise are like goads, their collected sayings like firmly embedded nails — given by one Shepherd" (Ecclesiastes 12:11).
The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. [1] Prompted by the Protestant Reformation at the time, it has been described as the embodiment of the Counter-Reformation. [2][3]
Illustration of Wittenberg Castle Church by Lucas Cranach the Elder in 1509. When in the late 15th century the Wettin prince Frederick III the Wise, elector of Saxony from 1486, had the former Ascanian fortress rebuilt, a new All Saints' Church was designed by the architect Conrad Pflüger [4] (c. 1450 – 1506/07) and erected between 1490 and 1511 [8] in the Late Gothic style.