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Lithium aluminium silicate mineral spodumene. Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups. They are the largest and most important class of minerals and make up approximately 90 percent of Earth's crust. [1] [2] [3] In mineralogy, silica (silicon dioxide, SiO 2) is usually considered a silicate mineral rather than an ...
Clay minerals can be classified as 1:1 or 2:1. A 1:1 clay would consist of one tetrahedral sheet and one octahedral sheet, and examples would be kaolinite and serpentinite. A 2:1 clay consists of an octahedral sheet sandwiched between two tetrahedral sheets, and examples are talc, vermiculite, and montmorillonite.
Clay minerals most commonly form by prolonged chemical weathering of silicate-bearing rocks. They can also form locally from hydrothermal activity. [ 16 ] Chemical weathering takes place largely by acid hydrolysis due to low concentrations of carbonic acid , dissolved in rainwater or released by plant roots.
Talc, or talcum, is a clay mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate, with the chemical formula Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2. Talc in powdered form, often combined with corn starch, is used as baby powder. This mineral is used as a thickening agent and lubricant. It is an ingredient in ceramics, paints, and roofing material.
Kaolinite (/ ˈ k eɪ. ə l ə ˌ n aɪ t,-l ɪ-/ KAY-ə-lə-nyte, -lih-; also called kaolin) [5] [6] [7] is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4.It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica (SiO 4) linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (AlO 6).
Most commonly, silicates are encountered as silicate minerals. For diverse manufacturing, technological, and artistic needs, silicates are versatile materials, both natural (such as granite, gravel, and garnet) and artificial (such as Portland cement, ceramics, glass, and waterglass).
The most typical geopolymer is generally described as resulting from the reaction between metakaolin (calcined kaolinitic clay) and a solution of sodium or potassium silicate . Geopolymerization tends to result in a highly connected, disordered network of negatively charged tetrahedral oxide units balanced by the sodium or potassium ions.
Phyllosilicates are sheet silicate minerals, formed by parallel sheets of silicate tetrahedra with Si 2 O 5 in a 2:5 ratio. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Phyllosilicates . Subcategories