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A geomagnetic storm, also known as a magnetic storm, is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by a solar wind shock wave. The disturbance that drives the magnetic storm may be a solar coronal mass ejection (CME) or (much less severely) a corotating interaction region (CIR), a high-speed stream of solar wind originating ...
Solar activity Friday Oct. 24, 2003, is seen by NASA\'s SOHO satellite. A geomagnetic storm spawned by a giant eruption of gas on the sun barreled toward Earth on Friday, interfering with high ...
NOAA defines a geomagnetic storm as “a major disturbance of Earth's magnetosphere that occurs when there is a very efficient exchange of energy from the solar wind into the space environment ...
This is the third geomagnetic storm to reach G4 status during the current 11-year solar cycle, which began in 2019, officials said.
A negative Dst index means that Earth's magnetic field is weakened. [15] This is particularly the case during solar storms, with a higher negative Dst index indicating a stronger solar storm. The 2003 Halloween solar storms had a peak Dst index of −383 nT, although a second storm on 20 November 2003 reached −422 nT while not reaching G5-class.
Solar storm of Oct-Nov 1903 An extreme storm, estimated at Dst −531 nT arose from a fast CME (mean ≈1500 km/s), occurred during the ascending phase of the minimum of the relatively weak solar cycle 14, which is the most significant storm on record in a solar minimum period. Aurora was conservatively observed to ≈44.1° ILAT, and ...
Substorms can be more intense and occur more frequently during a geomagnetic storm when one substorm may start before the previous one has completed. The source of the magnetic disturbances observed at the Earth's surface during geomagnetic storms is the ring current , whereas the sources of magnetic disturbances observed on the ground during ...
Disturbance storm time index (Dst index) is an estimate of the magnetic field change at the Earth's magnetic equator due to a ring of electric current at and just earthward of the geosynchronous orbit. [41] The index is based on data from four ground-based magnetic observatories between 21° and 33° magnetic latitude during a one-hour period ...