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The shrink–swell capacity of soils refers to the extent certain clay minerals will expand when wet and retract when dry. Soil with a high shrink–swell capacity is problematic and is known as shrink–swell soil, or expansive soil . [ 1 ]
A mineralogical analysis is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) test that can identify specific clay minerals, such as montmorillonite, which would indicate shrink-swell qualities of the soil. [ 4 ] Field assessment for expansive soil may also be conducted, including a visual inspection to identify surface characteristics such as gilgai topography ...
Crucible swelling index, also known as free swelling index, in coal assay; Swelling capacity, the amount of a liquid that can be absorbed by a polymer; Shrink–swell capacity in soil mechanics; Unload-reload constant (κ) in critical state soil mechanics
The swelling capacity of a polymer is the amount of a liquid that can be absorbed by it. This test can done by two methods: This test can done by two methods: Beaker test method [ 1 ]
Due to the non-linearity of the equation, numerical techniques such as the non-linear least-squares method can be used to solve the van Genuchten parameters. [4] [5] The accuracy of the estimated parameters will depend on the quality of the acquired dataset (and ). Structural overestimation or underestimation can occur when water retention ...
These equations relate a change in total or water volume (or ) per change in applied stress (effective stress — or pore pressure — ) per unit volume. The compressibilities (and therefore also S s ) can be estimated from laboratory consolidation tests (in an apparatus called a consolidometer), using the consolidation theory of soil mechanics ...
It has a low shrink–swell capacity and a low cation-exchange capacity (1–15 meq/100 g). Rocks that are rich in kaolinite, and halloysite, are known as kaolin (/ ˈ k eɪ. ə l ɪ n /) or china clay. [9] In many parts of the world kaolin is colored pink-orange-red by iron oxide, giving it a distinct rust hue. Lower concentrations of iron ...
The Richards equation represents the movement of water in unsaturated soils, and is attributed to Lorenzo A. Richards who published the equation in 1931. [1] It is a quasilinear partial differential equation ; its analytical solution is often limited to specific initial and boundary conditions. [ 2 ]