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Infant vision concerns the development of visual ability in human infants from birth through the first years of life. The aspects of human vision which develop following birth include visual acuity, tracking, color perception, depth perception, and object recognition .
Several layers such as the neural tube, neural crest, surface ectoderm, and mesoderm contribute to the development of the eye. [2] [3] [4] Eye development is initiated by the master control gene PAX6, a homeobox gene with known homologues in humans (aniridia), mice (small eye), and Drosophila (eyeless). The PAX6 gene locus is a transcription ...
Robert Lowell Fantz [1] (1925–1981) [2] was an American developmental psychologist who pioneered several studies into infant perception. In particular, the preferential looking paradigm introduced by Fantz in the 1961 is widely used in cognitive development and categorization studies among small babies.
Her research led the Province to begin universal vision screening in senior kindergarten, beginning in the school year 2018–2019. [8] In 1988, Maurer published with her husband, Charles Maurer, The World of the Newborn, a science book that examines the development of the newborn baby from the baby's perspective.
During early development, infants begin to crawl, sit, and walk. These actions impact how the infants view depth perception. Thus, infant studies are an important part of the visual cliff. When an infant starts to engage in crawling, to sit, or walking, they use perception and action. During this time, infants begin to develop a fear of height.
Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) has been a major focus in the development of gene therapy for treatment of the disease, as it is the most severe form of congenital blindness and accounts for 5% of all inherited retinal diseases cases. [34] [35] Research on gene therapy is aimed at slowing retinal degeneration and improving visual function. [36]
[45] Infant's eyes do not have the ability to accommodate. Pediatricians are able to perform non-verbal testing to assess visual acuity of a newborn, detect nearsightedness and astigmatism, and evaluate the eye teaming and alignment. Visual acuity improves from about 20/400 at birth to approximately 20/25 at 6 months of age.
The fusiform face area (FFA, meaning spindle-shaped face area) is a part of the human visual system (while also activated in people blind from birth [1]) that is specialized for facial recognition. [2] It is located in the inferior temporal cortex (IT), in the fusiform gyrus (Brodmann area 37).