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Sophocles [a] (c. 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC) [2] was an ancient Greek tragedian known as one of three from whom at least one play has survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those of Aeschylus and earlier than, or contemporary with, those of Euripides.
A nephew of Aeschylus, Philocles (his sister's son), was also a tragic poet, and won first prize in the competition against Sophocles' Oedipus Rex. [ 17 ] [ 24 ] Aeschylus had at least two brothers, Cynegeirus and Ameinias .
Aeschylus (c. 525–456 BC): The Persians (472 BC) Seven Against Thebes (467 BC) The Suppliants (463 BC) The Oresteia (458 BC, a trilogy comprising Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers and The Eumenides.) Prometheus Bound (authorship and date of performance is still in dispute) Phrynichus (~511 BC): The Fall of Miletus (c. 511 BC) Phoenissae (c. 476 ...
Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides. Ancient Greek tragedies were most often based upon myths from the oral traditions, exploring human nature, fate, and the intervention of the gods. They evoke catharsis in the audience, a process through which the audience experiences pity and fear, and through that emotional engagement, purges these emotions.
Sophocles. Plutarch, in the Life of Cimon, recounts the first triumph of the young talented Sophocles against the famous and hitherto unchallenged Aeschylus. [17] This competition ended in an unusual manner, without the usual draw for the referees, and caused the voluntary exile of Aeschylus to Sicily.
Aeschylus is the earliest Greek tragic playwright for whom any plays have survived complete. Sophocles is famous for his tragedies about Oedipus , particularly Oedipus the King and Antigone . Euripides is known for his plays which often pushed the boundaries of the tragic genre.
Sophocles' tragedy Antigone (c. 441 BC), picks up the story of the Seven where Aeschylus' Seven Against Thebes left off. Just as in Aeschylus' play, Sophocles has seven champions face seven defenders at the seven gates of Thebes—with Polynices and Eteocles killing each other—but with no names or other details: [ 96 ]
When Aeschylus leaves the underworld at the end of the play, Sophocles takes his throne. The decision to put Sophocles in the same camp as Aeschylus makes sense, in light of the fact that Sophocles' tragic style was reminiscent of Aeschylus', whereas Euripides represents a new style altogether.