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Temperate deciduous or temperate broad-leaf forests are a variety of temperate forest 'dominated' by deciduous trees that lose their leaves each winter. [1] They represent one of Earth's major biomes , making up 9.69% of global land area. [ 2 ]
Deciduous forests are composed mainly of broadleaf trees, such as maple and oak, that shed all their leaves during one season. [4] They are typically found in three middle-latitude regions with temperate climates characterized by a winter season and year-round precipitation: eastern North America, western Eurasia and northeastern Asia. [5]
Other plants are semi-evergreen and lose their leaves before the next growing season, retaining some during winter or dry periods. [11] Like a number of other deciduous plants, Forsythia flowers during the leafless season. Many deciduous plants flower during the period when they are leafless, as this increases the effectiveness of pollination.
Extent of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests An example of temperate broadleaf and mixed forest in La Mauricie National Park, Quebec.. Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest is a temperate climate terrestrial habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature, with broadleaf tree ecoregions, and with conifer and broadleaf tree mixed coniferous forest ecoregions.
During the last glacial maximum (or ice age), the area was not glaciated, allowing for the development of a complex ecosystem containing species with origins in Siberia’s boreal forest and Manchuria’s subtropical forests. [50] Temperate rainforest covers most of the mountain slopes and the biogeographic region is known as the Primorye ...
Leaf flushing succeeds leaf fall, and is delayed by winter in the temperate zone or by extreme dryness in the tropics. Leaf fall and leaf flushing in tropical deciduous forests can overlap in some species, called leaf-exchanging species, producing new leaves during the same period when old leaves are shed or almost immediately after.
Temperate coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Temperate coniferous forests are found predominantly in areas with warm summers and cool winters, and vary in their kinds of plant life.
In temperate deciduous forests, many understory plants start into growth earlier in the year than the canopy trees, to make use of the greater availability of light at that particular time of year. A gap in the canopy caused by the death of a tree stimulates the potential emergent trees into competitive growth as they grow upwards to fill the gap.