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Tear gas in use in France 2007 Exploded tear gas canister in the air in Greece. Tear gas, also known as a lachrymatory agent or lachrymator (from Latin lacrima 'tear'), sometimes colloquially known as "mace" after the early commercial self-defense spray, is a chemical weapon that stimulates the nerves of the lacrimal gland in the eye to produce tears.
Lachrymatory or lacrymatory may refer to: . Something that has the effect of lachrymation, causing the secretion of tears; Tear gas, known formally as a lachrymatory agent or lachrymator
A Lacrymatory, at the Beja museum in Portugal.. A lacrymatory, lachrymatory or lacrimarium (from the Latin lacrima, 'tear') is a small vessel of terracotta or, more frequently, of glass, found in Roman and late Greek tombs, and formerly supposed to have been bottles into which mourners dropped their tears.
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The chemical is released from onions, Allium cepa, as they are sliced.The release is due to the breaking open of the onion cells, which releases enzymes called alliinases.
Benzyl bromide is a strong lachrymator and is also intensely irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Because of these properties, it has been used in chemical warfare , both in combat and in training due to its irritating yet non-lethal nature.
Ethyl bromoacetate is listed by the World Health Organization as a riot control agent, and was first employed for that purpose by French police in 1912. [4] The French army used rifle grenades 'grenades lacrymogènes' [5] filled with this gas against the Germans beginning in August 1914, but the weapons were largely ineffective, even though ethyl bromoacetate is twice as toxic as chlorine.
This low melting colorless solid is a powerful lachrymator. As a precursor to a variety of valuable bioactive compounds, it is the most important organic isothiocyanate in industry. [ 1 ]