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The symptoms of TR depend on its severity. Severe TR causes right-sided heart failure, with the development of ascites and peripheral edema. [1] In severe cases of right heart failure due to TR, venous congestion of the kidneys and liver may lead to cardiorenal syndrome (kidney failure secondary to heart failure) and cardiohepatic syndromes (liver failure secondary to heart failure ...
Right atrial enlargement (RAE) is clinically significant due to its prevalence in diagnosing supraventricular arrhythmias. Further, early diagnosis using risk factors like RAE may decrease mortality because patients with RAE are at 9x more risk of arrhythmias and other cardiac conditions compared to their healthy counterparts. [ 2 ]
Atrial enlargement refers to a condition where the left atrium or right atrium of the heart is larger than would be expected. It can also affect both atria. [1] Types include: Left atrial enlargement; Right atrial enlargement
Mitral regurgitation: the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium, owing to insufficiency of the mitral valve; it may be acute or chronic, and is usually due to mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease, or a complication of cardiac dilatation. See also Mitral regurgitation.
The Mustard procedure was developed in 1963 by Dr. William Mustard at the Hospital for Sick Children.It is similar to the previous atrial baffle used with a Senning procedure, the primary difference being that the Mustard uses a graft made of Dacron or pericardium, while the Senning uses native heart tissue.
The right ventricle is one of the four chambers of the heart. It is located towards the right lower chamber of the heart and it receives deoxygenated blood from the right upper chamber (right atrium) and pumps blood into the lungs. Since RVH is an enlargement of muscle it arises when the muscle is required to work harder.
Therefore, there is an absence of right atrioventricular connection. [2] This leads to a hypoplastic (undersized) or absent right ventricle. This defect occurs during prenatal development, when the heart does not finish developing. It causes the systemic circulation to be filled with relatively deoxygenated blood.
Differences in right atrial and ventricular mechanics and liver stiffness was also observed in adults with repaired TOF, as well as pulmonary atresia and persistent pulmonary stenosis. [78] In patients with pulmonary atresia, there is complete failure of forward flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arterial vasculature.