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the front and rear shift pattern on a bike with multiple chainrings can be programmed to make best use of the gear progression, avoid duplicate ratios and relieve the rider of the need to decide what combination of front and rear sprockets to employ; the smoothness of electronics can reduce the shock on drivetrain components [5]
Most road bicycles have two chainrings, and touring bicycles commonly have three. An electronic gear-shifting system enables riders to shift with electronic switches instead of using conventional control levers. The switches are connected by wire or wirelessly to a battery pack and to a small electric motor that drives the derailleur.
Shimano STI Dual Control shifter and brake lever: 1. Main lever 2. Release lever A. Pulling the main lever towards the rider applies the brake B. Pushing the main lever towards the center of the bike downshifts one, two or three gears depending on how far the lever is pushed (right hand shifter) or changes from a small chainring to a larger chainring (left hand shifter)
A shifting mechanism allows selection of the appropriate gear ratio for efficiency or comfort under the prevailing circumstances: for example, it may be comfortable to use a high gear when cycling downhill, a medium gear when cycling on a flat road, and a low gear when cycling uphill. Different gear ratios and gear ranges are appropriate for ...
A bicycle shifter or gear control or gear levers is a component used to control the gearing mechanisms and select the desired gear ratio. Typically, they operate either a derailleur mechanism or an internal hub gear mechanism. In either case, the control is operated by moving a cable that connects the shifter to the gear mechanism.
Bicycle drivetrain systems are used to transmit power on bicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, unicycles, or other human-powered vehicles from the riders to the drive wheels. Most also include some type of a mechanism to convert speed and torque via gear ratios .