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[note 1] These sections are considered vital elements of the constitution, which was developed between 1949 by the Constituent Assembly of India. The Fundamental Rights are defined in Part III of the Indian Constitution from article 12 to 35 and applied irrespective of race, birth place, religion, caste, creed, sex, gender, and equality of ...
The first men's rights organisations in India sprouted in the 1990s in Kolkata, Mumbai, and Lucknow, with the cities respectively being home to the groups Pirito Purush (The Persecuted Man), Purush Hakka Samrakshan Samiti (Committee for the Protection of Men's Rights), and Patni Atyachar Virodhi Morcha (Protesting Torture by Wives).
The words sovereignty and integrity are the qualities to be cultivated/emulated by Indian people as urged by the Constitution but not used related to the territory of India. Article 1 of Part 1 of the Indian constitution, defines India (Bharat) as a Union of states. In a nutshell, India "is its people, not its land", as enshrined in the ...
The dynamic of women's rights in India is on the foreground of the Muslim community and the Indian Nation State. Article 14 of the Indian Constitution states 'Equality before law' and grants every person equality before the law and equal protection in India. Article 15 prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
The National Commission for Women (NCW) is a statutory body of the Government of India, generally concerned with advising the government on all policy matters affecting women. It was established on 31 January 1992 under the provisions of the Indian Constitution, [1] as defined in the 1990 National Commission for Women Act. [2]
The vast majority of women and men, however, did not have the right to vote under British colonial rule of India, which ended in 1947. After Indian independence from Britain, the Indian Constitution in 1950 officially granted suffrage to both women and men. Prior to universal suffrage, provincial legislatures had granted women the right to vote.
The implementation of the Women's Reservation Bill, also known as the Constitution 108th Amendment Bill of 2008, is imperative for contemporary Indian society. [9] This legislation has encountered six unsuccessful attempts to get cleared since its initial introduction in 1996.
However, Article 25 justifies the freedom of religion which safeguards the religious rights of Muslim communities, in turn Muslim Personal Law, which is discriminatory between Muslim men and women. [73] The continuance of discrimination within Muslim personal law contravenes that set out in India's constitution, notably articles 14 and 15. [74]