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Some alloying elements are only soluble in small amounts, whereas some solvent and solute pairs form a solution over the whole range of binary compositions. Generally, higher solubility is seen when solvent and solute atoms are similar in atomic size (15% according to the Hume-Rothery rules) and adopt the same crystal structure in
The solubility decreases very quickly with falling temperature and is only 0.08 percent by mass at 200 °C. Alloys without further alloying elements or impurities are then present in two phases with the-mixed crystal and thephase (Mg 2 Si). The latter has a melting point of 1085 °C and is therefore thermally stable.
Hume-Rothery rules, named after William Hume-Rothery, are a set of basic rules that describe the conditions under which an element could dissolve in a metal, forming a solid solution. There are two sets of rules; one refers to substitutional solid solutions, and the other refers to interstitial solid solutions.
The solubility of Mg decreases sharply with falling temperature, i.e., at 100 °C it is still 2%, at room temperature 0.2%. The elimination of the -phase occurs with pure AlMg alloys after a four-stage process. With technically used alloys with other alloying elements and impurities, the process is much more complicated: [4]
Aluminium–silicon alloys or Silumin is a general name for a group of lightweight, high-strength aluminium alloys based on an aluminum–silicon system (AlSi) that consist predominantly of aluminum - with silicon as the quantitatively most important alloying element.
Alloying a metal is done by combining it with one or more other elements. The most common and oldest alloying process is performed by heating the base metal beyond its melting point and then dissolving the solutes into the molten liquid, which may be possible even if the melting point of the solute is far greater than that of the base. For ...
This term is often used in the field of metallurgy to refer to the extent that an alloying element will dissolve into the base metal without forming a separate phase. The solvus or solubility line (or curve) is the line (or lines) on a phase diagram that give the limits of solute addition.
The solubility of the basic elements is 0–0.005 wt% of In in the Bi sublattice and ~0–14 wt% of Bi in the In sites. These values can be explained by the Hume-Rothery rules , where the crystalline structure must to be the same, the atomic radius must differ 15% or less, the valency must to be the same and the electronegativity of the two ...