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Meta-research is the study of research through the use of research methods. Also known as "research on research", it aims to reduce waste and increase the quality of research in all fields. Meta-research concerns itself with the detection of bias, methodological flaws, and other errors and inefficiencies.
Famous case studies are for example the descriptions about the patients of Freud, who were thoroughly analysed and described. Bell (1999) states "a case study approach is particularly appropriate for individual researchers because it gives an opportunity for one aspect of a problem to be studied in some depth within a limited time scale". [9]
An academic discipline or field of study is known as a branch of knowledge. It is taught as an accredited part of higher education . A scholar's discipline is commonly defined and recognized by a university faculty.
Examples of translational research are commonly found in education subject association journals and in the MESHGuides which have been designed for this purpose. [5] In bioscience, translational research is a term often used interchangeably with translational medicine or translational science or bench to bedside.
Which method is more appropriate often depends on the goal of the research. For example, quantitative methods usually excel for evaluating preconceived hypotheses that can be clearly formulated and measured. Qualitative methods, on the other hand, can be used to study complex individual issues, often with the goal of formulating new hypotheses.
In other words, it describes the research that has not taken place before and their results. In practice, the accumulation of evidence for or against any particular theory involves planned research designs for the collection of empirical data , and academic rigor plays a large part of judging the merits of research design .
A systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic. [1] A systematic review extracts and interprets data from published studies on the topic (in the scientific literature), then analyzes, describes, critically appraises and summarizes interpretations into a refined evidence-based ...
For example, based on analysis of the history of science, Kuhn concludes that "large amounts of qualitative work have usually been prerequisite to fruitful quantification in the physical sciences". [8] Qualitative research is often used to gain a general sense of phenomena and to form theories that can be tested using further quantitative research.