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The family Fringillidae are the "true" finches. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) recognizes these 239 species in the family, distributed among three subfamilies and 50 genera. Confusingly, only 79 of the species include "finch" in their common names, and several other families include species called finches.
Telespiza – 4 species, the Laysan finch, the Nihoa finch, and 2 prehistoric species; Loxioides – 2 species, the palila and a prehistoric species; Rhodacanthis – 2 recently extinct species, the lesser and the greater koa finch, and 2 prehistoric species; Chloridops – extinct species, the Kona grosbeak; Psittirostra – ou
The European goldfinch originated in the late Miocene-Pliocene and belongs to the clade of cardueline finches. The citril finch and the Corsican finch are its sister taxa. Their closest relatives are the greenfinches, crossbills and redpolls. [12] The monophyly of the subfamily Carduelinae is suggested in previous studies. [13]
Seen here is adaptive radiation of finch A (Geospiza magnirostris) into three other species of finches found on the Galapagos Islands. Due to the absence of other species of birds, the finches adapted to new niches. The finches' beaks and bodies changed allowing them to eat certain types of foods such as nuts, fruits, and insects.
The purple finch population has been displaced from some breeding season habitats in the Eastern United States following the introduction of the house finch, which is native to the western U.S. and Mexico. The two species share a similar niche, with the house finch often outcompeting the purple finch during the summer. [11]
The woodpecker finch (Camarhynchus pallidus) is a monomorphic species of bird in the Darwin's finch group of the tanager family, Thraupidae endemic to the Galapagos Islands. [2] The diet of a woodpecker finch revolves mostly around invertebrates , but also encompasses a variety of seeds.
Finches are divided into two subfamilies, the Carduelinae, containing around 28 genera with 141 species and the Fringillinae containing a single genus, Fringilla, with four species: the common chaffinch (F. coelebs), the Gran Canaria blue chaffinch (F. polatzeki), the Tenerife blue chaffinch (F. teydea), and the brambling (F. montifringilla).
One species on the list, the St. Kitts bullfinch, is extinct. Confusingly, only 149 of the species are called "tanager"; another 108 are called "finch". [ 1 ] This family is found only in the New World , primarily in South and Middle America and the Caribbean, though a few species are occasionally found in the United States.