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After the enactment of the 1965 Immigration Act, Asian American demographics changed rapidly. This act replaced exclusionary immigration rules of the 1924 Immigration Act and its predecessors, which effectively excluded "undesirable" immigrants, including most Asians. [40] The 1965 rules set across-the-board immigration quotas for each country.
Asian American history is the history of ethnic and racial groups in the United States who are of Asian descent. The term " Asian American " was an idea invented in the 1960s to bring together Chinese , Japanese , and Filipino Americans for strategic political purposes.
Japanese Americans have been returning to their ancestorial homeland for years as a form of return migration. [1] With a history of being racially discriminated against, the anti-immigration actions the United States government forced onto Japan, and the eventual internment of Japanese Americans (immigrants and citizens alike), return migration was often seen as a better alternative.
The Chinese in America: A History from Gold Mountain to the New Millennium, AltaMira Press, 2002, ISBN 0-7591-0001-2; Lai, Him Mark, Becoming Chinese American. A History of Communities and Institutions: AltaMira Press, 2004, ISBN 0-7591-0458-1; Lee, Erika. The Making of Asian America: A History (2016) excerpt; McCunn, Ruthanne Lum.
Shortly after the American Civil War, some states started to pass their own immigration laws, which prompted the U.S. Supreme Court to rule in 1875 that immigration was a federal responsibility. [50] In 1875, the nation passed its first immigration law, the Page Act of 1875 , also known as the Asian Exclusion Act.
By 1900, only 4,522 of the 89,837 Chinese migrants that lived in the US were women. The lack of women migrants was largely due to the passage of US anti-immigration laws. The Page Act of 1875 prevented the immigration of all women prostitutes from China. This law was used to limit the immigration of all Chinese women, not just prostitutes.
Asian immigrants were excluded from naturalization but not from living in the United States. There were also significant restrictions on some Asians at the state level; in California, for example, non-citizen Asians were not allowed to own land. The first federal statute restricting immigration was the Page Act, passed in 1875. It barred ...
In recognition of the unique culture, traditions, and history of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, the United States government has permanently designated the month of May to be Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Heritage Month; [144] before 2021 it was known as Asian Pacific American Heritage Month. [145]