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The first is the term "provincial court", which has two quite different meanings, depending on context. The first, and most general meaning, is that a provincial court is a court established by the legislature of a province, under its constitutional authority over the administration of justice in the province, set out in s. 92(14) of the Constitution Act, 1867. [2]
Due to controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment to the Supreme Court of Canada. In their decision in Reference Re Supreme Court Act, ss 5 and 6, the Supreme Court quashed his appointment, concluding he did not meet the eligibility criteria provided in the Supreme Court Act. [43]
The Canadian Judicial Council (CJC; French: Conseil canadien de la magistrature) is the national council of the judiciary of Canada, overseeing the country's federal judges. The Council has 44 members, composed of chief justices and associate chief justices. It is chaired by the Chief Justice of Canada, currently Justice Richard Wagner. [1]
The following list outlines the structure of the federal government of Canada, the collective set of federal institutions which can be grouped into the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. In turn, these are further divided into departments, agencies, and other organizations which support the day-to-day function of the Canadian state.
The Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs (French: Commissaire à la magistrature fédérale) is a support agency within the Canadian Department of Justice.FJA acts an arms-length agency from the Department of Justice and provides support for the federal judiciary, including:
Tribunals in Canada are established by federal or provincial legislation, and generally refer to any persons or institution with authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes. An administrative tribunal is a kind of quasi-judicial body that makes decisions on behalf of federal and provincial/territorial governments when it ...
Prior to introduction of responsible government in 1848, the Province of Canada, then a British colonial possession lacked an organized civil service. [5] Positions in the colonial administration were then largely filled through patronage, with appointments almost exclusively controlled by the sitting governor, often under the advisement of members of the ruling Family Compact, who would ...
The Parliament of Canada is the legislative body of the government of Canada. The Parliament is composed of the House of Commons (lower house), the Senate (upper house), and the sovereign, represented by the governor general. Most major legislation originates from the House, as it is the only body that is directly elected.