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One classical thermal escape mechanism is Jeans escape, [1] named after British astronomer Sir James Jeans, who first described this process of atmospheric loss. [2] In a quantity of gas, the average velocity of any one molecule is measured by the gas's temperature, but the velocities of individual molecules change as they collide with one another, gaining and losing kinetic energy.
In most situations it is impractical to achieve escape velocity almost instantly, because of the acceleration implied, and also because if there is an atmosphere, the hypersonic speeds involved (on Earth a speed of 11.2 km/s, or 40,320 km/h) would cause most objects to burn up due to aerodynamic heating or be torn apart by atmospheric drag. For ...
If there is a strong thermally driven atmospheric escape of light atoms, heavier atoms can achieve the escape velocity through viscous drag by those escaping lighter atoms. [2] This is another way of thermal escape, called hydrodynamic escape. The heaviest species of atom that can be removed in this manner is called the cross-over mass. [3]
Citizen scientists spotted an object zipping through the Milky Way at more than 1 million miles an hour, and a new study shows it could be a rare hypervelocity star.
A University of Colorado, Boulder team has discovered that Mars has an atmospheric "escape route" which may have helped hydrogen drift into space at much faster rates. Mars Express data shows that ...
Explosive decompression (ED) is violent and too fast for air to escape safely from the lungs and other air-filled cavities in the body such as the sinuses and eustachian tubes, typically resulting in severe to fatal barotrauma. Rapid decompression may be slow enough to allow cavities to vent but may still cause serious barotrauma or discomfort.
Stay updated on the ever-changing atmospheric conditions with our comprehensive Weather category. From local forecasts to global climate patterns, we bring you the latest insights and accurate ...
The hydrogen can then escape from the atmosphere while the oxygen recombines or bonds to iron on the planet's surface. [2] The deficit of water on Venus due to the runaway greenhouse effect is thought to explain why Venus does not exhibit surface features consistent with plate tectonics, [ 25 ] meaning it would be a stagnant lid planet.