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Palladium is also used in electronics, dentistry, medicine, hydrogen purification, chemical applications, groundwater treatment, and jewelry. Palladium is a key component of fuel cells, in which hydrogen and oxygen react to produce electricity, heat, and water. Ore deposits of palladium and other PGMs are rare.
Natural palladium (46 Pd) is composed of six stable isotopes, 102 Pd, 104 Pd, 105 Pd, 106 Pd, 108 Pd, and 110 Pd, although 102 Pd and 110 Pd are theoretically unstable. The most stable radioisotopes are 107 Pd with a half-life of 6.5 million years, 103 Pd with a half-life of 17 days, and 100 Pd with a half-life of 3.63 days.
Palladium forms a variety of ionic, coordination, and organopalladium compounds, typically with oxidation state Pd 0 or Pd 2+. Palladium(III) compounds have also been reported. Palladium compounds are frequently used as catalysts in cross-coupling reactions such as the Sonogashira coupling and Suzuki reaction.
Pages in category "Palladium compounds" The following 34 pages are in this category, out of 34 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Organopalladium chemistry is a branch of organometallic chemistry that deals with organic palladium compounds and their reactions. Palladium is often used as a catalyst in the reduction of alkenes and alkynes with hydrogen. This process involves the formation of a palladium-carbon covalent bond.
Examples include iron, essential to hemoglobin; and magnesium, essential to chlorophyll. Some elements are essential only to certain taxonomic groups of organisms, particularly the prokaryotes. For instance, the lanthanide series rare earths are essential for methanogens. As shown in the following table, there is strong evidence that 19 of the ...
Pages in category "Palladium minerals" The following 12 pages are in this category, out of 12 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Atheneite; B.
For example, palladium chloride is quite insoluble in water, but it dissolves well in concentrated sodium chloride solution: [4] PdCl 2 (s) + 2 Cl − (aq) → PdCl 4 2− (aq) Palladium chloride is insoluble in most organic solvents, but it forms soluble monomeric units with acetonitrile and benzonitrile: [5] [PdCl 2] n + 2n CH 3 CN → n PdCl ...