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The decibel originates from methods used to quantify signal loss in telegraph and telephone circuits. Until the mid-1920s, the unit for loss was miles of standard cable (MSC). 1 MSC corresponded to the loss of power over one mile (approximately 1.6 km) of standard telephone cable at a frequency of 5000 radians per second (795.8 Hz), and matched closely the smallest attenuation detectable to a ...
1 Np = 1 is the neper; 1 B = 1 / 2 ln(10) is the bel; 1 dB = 1 / 20 ln(10) is the decibel. The commonly used reference sound intensity in air is [5] = /. being approximately the lowest sound intensity hearable by an undamaged human ear under room conditions.
While 1 atm (194 dB peak or 191 dB SPL) [11] [12] is the largest pressure variation an undistorted sound wave can have in Earth's atmosphere (i. e., if the thermodynamic properties of the air are disregarded; in reality, the sound waves become progressively non-linear starting over 150 dB), larger sound waves can be present in other atmospheres ...
10 −1: 1 decihertz (dHz) 189 mHz: Acoustic – frequency of G −7, the lowest note sung by the singer with the deepest voice in the world, Tim Storms. His vocal cords vibrate 1 time every 5.29 seconds. 10 0: 1 hertz (Hz) 1 to 1.66 Hz: Approximate frequency of an adult human's resting heart beat: 1 Hz: 60 bpm, common tempo in music 2 Hz
A sound with a loudness of 1 sone is judged equally loud as a 1 kHz tone with a sound pressure level of 40 decibels above 20 micropascals. [1] The phon is psychophysically matched to a reference frequency of 1 kHz. [2] In other words, the phon matches the sound pressure level in decibels of a similarly perceived 1 kHz pure tone. [3]
For example, the frequency one octave above 40 Hz is 80 Hz. The term is derived from the Western musical scale where an octave is a doubling in frequency. [note 1] Specification in terms of octaves is therefore common in audio electronics. Along with the decade, it is a unit used to describe frequency bands or frequency ratios. [1] [2]
The frequency range often specified for audio components is between 20 Hz to 20 kHz, which broadly reflects the human hearing range. Well-designed solid-state amplifiers and CD players may have a frequency response that varies by only 0.2 dB between 20 Hz to 20 kHz. [4]
24-bit and 32-bit audio does not require dithering, as the noise level of the digital converter is always louder than the required level of any dither that might be applied. 24-bit audio could theoretically encode 144 dB of dynamic range, and 32-bit audio can achieve 192 dB, but this is almost impossible to achieve in the real world, as even ...