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Medical treatment for restrictive lung disease is normally limited to supportive care since both the intrinsic and extrinsic causes can have irreversible effects on lung compliance. [10] The supportive therapies focus on maximizing pulmonary function and preserving activity tolerance through oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, inhaled beta ...
Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), also known as obliterative bronchiolitis, constrictive bronchiolitis and popcorn lung, is a disease that results in obstruction of the smallest airways of the lungs (bronchioles) due to inflammation. [1] [6] Symptoms include a dry cough, shortness of breath, wheezing and feeling tired. [1]
The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society hold that "cryptogenic organizing pneumonia" is the preferred clinical term for this disease for multiple reasons: [6] [7] Avoid confusion with bronchiolitis obliterans, which may not be visualized in every case of this disease. Avoid confusion with constrictive bronchiolitis
It is the main cause of restrictive lung disease that is intrinsic to the lung parenchyma. In contrast, quadriplegia [16] and kyphosis [17] are examples of causes of restrictive lung disease that do not necessarily involve pulmonary fibrosis.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), [3] is a group of respiratory diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue) and space around the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. [4] It concerns alveolar epithelium, pulmonary capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and perivascular and perilymphatic tissues. It ...
The disease newly occurs in about 12 per 100,000 people per year. [4] Those in their 60s and 70s are most commonly affected. [4] Males are affected more often than females. [4] Average life expectancy following diagnosis is about four years. [1]
Variable: Disease can range from asymptomatic to life-threatening Tracheobronchomalacia ( TBM ) is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse. [ 1 ]
The disease is more common in males, [25] with the male to female ratio at 1.4–2:1 (or about 5 men to 3 women). [4] The average onset of the disease is around age 40, and two-thirds of those affected are non-smokers, although smoking is not believed to be a cause. [7] The presence of HLA-Bw54 increases the risk of diffuse panbronchiolitis 13. ...