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Self-transcendence is distinctive as the first trait-concept of a spiritual nature to be incorporated into a major theory of personality. [6] It is one of the "character" dimensions of personality assessed in Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory. [2] It is also assessed by the Self-Transcendence Scale [7] and the Adult Self ...
The second dimension, self-enhancement versus self-transcendence, contrasts self-focused interests with values oriented toward the welfare of others. [1] Although the theory distinguishes ten values, the borders between the motivators are artificial and one value flows into the next, which can be seen by the following shared motivational emphases:
Self-concealment; Self-directedness; Self-transcendence; Sensation seeking; Sensation Seeking Scale; Sensory processing sensitivity; Snob; Social dominance orientation; Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work; Surgency
Self-realisation concerns the third higher level, that of the superconscious, and pertains to Transpersonal or spiritual psychosynthesis. Self-realisation itself has three different stages. The first is the activation and expression of the potentialities residing in the superconscious: it includes… various types of transcendence…
[3] [5] The TCI Self-Transcendence scale is often used as a measure of spirituality. [52] [64] [65] Cloninger proposed that the psyche is the aspect of a human being that motivates the search for self-transcendence and underlies the human capacities for self-awareness, creativity, and freedom of will. [23]
The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al. [1] It is closely related to and an outgrowth of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and it has also been related to the dimensions of personality in Zuckerman's alternative five and Eysenck's models [2] and those of the five factor model.
Transpersonal psychology focuses on exploring spiritual experiences, mystical states, self-transcendence, and the holistic development of human potential. An interest group was later re-formed as the Transpersonal Psychology Interest Group (TPIG), which continued to promote transpersonal issues in collaboration with Division 32. [6]
Maslow proposed his hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. [18]