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Mende women with a masked Sande society leader. All Mende women when they reach puberty begin the initiation process into the Sande society. The goals of this secret society are to teach young Mende women the responsibilities of adulthood. The girls are taught to be hardworking and modest in their behavior, especially towards their elders.
Dubinskas, Frank A. "Everywoman" and the "Super"-Woman: An Investigation of the Sowo, Spirit of the Mende Women's Secret Society, Sande: The Relation of Her Form as an Ideological Construction to its Bases in the Social and Economic Position of Women. Unpublished manuscript, 1976. Easmon, M. C. F. (1958) Madam Yoko: Ruler of the Mendi Confederacy.
Madam Yoko or Mammy Yoko (ca. 1849–1906 [1]) was a leader of the Mende people in Sierra Leone.Combining advantageous lineage, shrewd marriage choices and the power afforded her from the secret Sande society, Yoko became a leader of considerable influence.
Hale, meaning "medicine," is believed to be a material substance found in nature that has powerful inherent properties that the officials of Mende secret societies know how to manipulate. These "medicine societies" are the men's Poro society, and women's Sande society, and hale can also refer to these. [2]
These were the Mane, Southern Mandé speakers (Mende, Gbandi, Kpelle, Loma ethnic groups) who invaded the western coast of Africa from the east during the first half of the 16th century. Their origin was apparent in their dress and weapons (which were observed at the time by Europeans), their language, as well as in Mane tradition, recorded ...
Käthe Mende (() 2 December 1878 – () 9 August 1963) was a German sociologist. Born into an Orthodox Jewish family, she gained a doctorate under the German economist Lujo Brentano . Most of her professional life was based in Berlin, where she engaged in social work .
Representing Woman: Sande Society Masks of the Mende of Sierra Leone, [5] Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History, U.C.L.A., 1995; Trading Identities: The Souvenir in Native North American Art from the Northeast, 1700_1900, Seattle: University of Washington Press and Montreal: McGill-Queen's, 1998.4
The Mandé-speaking Mende are almost certainly the descendants of Mane aristocrats mixed with the native Bullom people. Further north, the Loko are also Mandé-speaking, but mixed with the Temne who, themselves speaking a West Atlantic language, have an aristocracy of Mane origin. [ 16 ]