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The predecessor of the Buwan ng Wika was the Linggo ng Wika ('Language Week'), which was established by President Sergio Osmeña through Proclamation No. 35 in 1946. From 1946 to 1953, the Linggo ng Wika was celebrated annually from March 27 to April 2. The end date was selected due to being the birthday of Tagalog litterateur Francisco ...
Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina [b] GCGH KGCR (UK: / ˈ k eɪ z ɒ n /, US: / ˈ k eɪ s ɒ n,-s ɔː n,-s oʊ n /, Tagalog: [maˈnwel luˈis ˈkɛson], Spanish: [maˈnwel ˈlwis ˈkeson]; 19 August 1878 – 1 August 1944), also known by his initials MLQ, was a Filipino lawyer, statesman, soldier, and politician who was president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 until his death in ...
Quezon himself was born and raised in Baler, Aurora, which is a native Tagalog-speaking area. In 1939, President Manuel L. Quezón renamed the Tagalog language as Wikang Pambansa ("national language" in English translation). [22] The language was further renamed in 1959 as Pilipino by Secretary of Education José E. Romero.
Born and raised in Tayabas, Manuel L. Quezon spoke Tagalog, Spanish and, later in life, English. Although Quezon initially refused to learn English, believing that the Americans betrayed the Filipino people after the Philippine Revolution, he began to study the language seriously after befriending Harry Hill Bandholtz, who even offered to pay him to learn the language.
The Philippine Executive Commission (PEC) was established on January 3, 1942, with Jorge B. Vargas as its first Chairman. It largely mirrored the Civilian Emergency Administration earlier appointed by President Manuel Quezon to administer the open city status of Manila and composed by the same officers that comprised the latter PEC.
Of the individuals elected as president, three died in office: two of natural causes (Manuel L. Quezon [26] and Manuel Roxas [27]) and one in a plane crash (Ramon Magsaysay, 1953–57 [28]). The longest-serving president is Ferdinand Marcos with 20 years and 57 days in office; he is the only president to have served more than two terms.
Villar's campaign highlighted his roots in an effort to relate to the masses. A billionaire, Villar emphasized on his campaign that he grew up poor, as exemplified in his campaign jingle "Naging Mahirap", and that the diligence and perseverance led him to his current standing and that he is willing to use the same traits to address the issue of poverty.
Quezon had originally been barred by the Philippine constitution from seeking re-election. However, in 1940, constitutional amendments were ratified allowing him to seek re-election for a fresh term ending in 1943. [61] In the 1941 presidential elections, Quezon was re-elected over former Senator Juan Sumulong with nearly 82% of the vote. [62]