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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, or DEXA [1]) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) with spectral imaging. Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones. When soft tissue absorption is subtracted, the bone mineral density (BMD) can be determined from the absorption of each beam by bone. Dual ...
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]
In contrast, 70% of the patients with the pre-surgery test result "No Obstruction" had a non-successful surgery outcome. [ 29 ] [ 27 ] If BPH with obstruction additionally presents with overactive bladder (OAB), which is the case in about 50% of patients, [ 30 ] this latter symptom (OAB) persists even post-surgery in about 20% of patients.
The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
Many surgical procedure names can be broken into parts to indicate the meaning. For example, in gastrectomy, "ectomy" is a suffix meaning the removal of a part of the body. "Gastro-" means stomach. Thus, gastrectomy refers to the surgical removal of the stomach (or sections thereof).
Osteotomy may be useful in people with knee osteoarthritis, but has not been well studied and it is unclear whether it is more effective than non-surgical treatments or other types of surgery. [150] [151] Arthroscopic surgery is largely not recommended, as it does not improve outcomes in knee osteoarthritis, [152] [153] and may result in harm ...
Prostate cancer screening is the screening process used to detect undiagnosed prostate cancer in men without signs or symptoms. [1] [2] When abnormal prostate tissue or cancer is found early, it may be easier to treat and cure, but it is unclear if early detection reduces mortality rates.
The first edition of The Merck Manual was published in 1899 by Merck & Co., Inc. for physicians and pharmacists and was titled Merck's Manual of the Materia Medica. [6] [7] The 192 page book which sold for US $1.00, was divided into three sections, Part I ("Materia Medica") was an alphabetical listing of all known compounds thought to be of therapeutic value with uses and doses; Part II ...