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The Baja California Peninsula is bordered on three sides by water, the Pacific Ocean (south and west) and Gulf of California (east); while Alta California had the Pacific Ocean on the west and deserts on the east. A northern boundary was established by the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819. That boundary line remains the northern boundary of the U.S ...
Alta California administered by the United States as part of the Mexican Cession Unorganized territory, 1848–1850 Provisional government of California, 1849–1850; State of Deseret (extralegal), 1849–1850; Constitution of California (see California Constitutional Boundaries), October 13, 1849; Compromise of 1850; State of California since 1850
The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, between the United States and Spain, established the northern limit of Alta California at latitude 42°N, which remains the boundary between the states of California, Nevada and Utah (to the south) and Oregon and Idaho (to the north) to this day. Mexico won independence in 1821, and Alta California became a ...
The southern boundary, between California and Mexico, was established by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo that ended the Mexican–American War in 1848. The line is about 30 miles (48 km) north of the former Alta California southern boundary. The eastern boundary consists of two straight lines: a north–south line from the northern border to ...
The Baja California Peninsula is bordered on three sides by water, the Pacific Ocean (south and west) and Gulf of California (east); while Alta California had the Pacific Ocean on the west and deserts on the east. A northern boundary was established at the 42nd parallel by the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819. That boundary line remains the ...
The northern part became Alta California, also alternatively called Nueva California (" New California "). Because the eastern boundaries of Alta California Province were not defined, it included Nevada, Utah and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, western Colorado, southwestern Wyoming, and a northern strip of Baja California.
The era of modern Mexico ruling the Alta California Province, circa 1823–1848. Territory within the former Spanish colony of upper Las Californias , and the present day U.S. state of California .
The western portion of Alta California was then organized and admitted as the 31st state in 1850, as a free state, following the Compromise of 1850. The Greater Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay areas are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 19 million and 10 million residents respectively. [11]