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Arsenic acid or arsoric acid is the chemical compound with the formula H 3 AsO 4. More descriptively written as AsO(OH) 3, this colorless acid is the arsenic analogue of phosphoric acid. Arsenate and phosphate salts behave very similarly. Arsenic acid as such has not been isolated, but is only found in solution, where it is largely ionized.
Trihydrogen arsenate is also known as arsenic acid. At a given pH, the distribution of these arsenate species can be determined from their respective acid dissociation constants. [17] H 3 AsO 4 + H 2 O ⇌ H 2 AsO − 4 + [H 3 O] + (pK a1 = 2.19) H 2 AsO − 4 + H 2 O ⇌ HAsO 2− 4 + [H 3 O] + (pK a2 = 6.94) HAsO 2− 4 + H 2 O ⇌ AsO 3− 4 ...
Reaction of arsenous acid with methyl iodide gives methylarsonic acid. This historically significant conversion is the Meyer reaction: [5] As(OH) 3 + CH 3 I + NaOH ⇌ CH 3 AsO(OH) 2 + NaI + H 2 O. Alkylation occurs at arsenic, and the oxidation state of arsenic increases from +3 to +5.
Like all arsenic-containing compounds, arsonic acids are toxic and carcinogenic to humans. [1] [2] Arsonic acid refers to H 3 As O 3, the case where the substituent is a single hydrogen atom. The other arsonic acids can simply be viewed as hydrocarbyl derivatives of this base case. Arsenic acid results when the substituent is a hydroxyl group.
Arsenous acid (As(OH) 3) is the stable tautomer of H 3 AsO 3. [2] Phosphorous acid (also called phosphonic acid) exists as the pentavalent tautomer, in contrast to H 3 AsO 3. Arsonic acid is the simplest of the arsonic acids. It is a hypothetical compound, although the tautomeric arsenious acid (As(OH) 3) is well established.
Perbromic acid – HBrO 4 [161] Aluminium Bromide – AlBr 3 [11] Ammonium bromide – NH 4 Br [37] Boron tribromide – BBr 3 [146] Bromic acid – HBrO 3 [162] Bromine monoxide – Br 2 O [163] Bromine pentafluoride – BrF 5 [164] Bromine trifluoride – BrF 3 [165] Bromine monofluoride – BrF [166] Calcium bromide – CaBr 2 [167] Carbon ...
Arsenate is the major arsenic form in oxidizing environments; however, in one study, bacteria from arsenic-contaminated soil at a smelter site was able to reduce As(+5) to As(+3) under anaerobic conditions at arsenic concentration as high as 75 mg/L. [3] Arsenate-respiring bacteria and Archaea have also recently been isolated from a diversity of natural environments, including freshwater ...
Thus, trivalent inorganic arsenic compounds are methylated to give methanearsonate. S-adenosylmethionine is the methyl donor. The methanearsonates are the precursors to dimethylarsonates, again by the cycle of reduction (to methylarsonous acid) followed by a second methylation. [11] This dimethyl compound is cacodylic acid ((CH 3) 2 AsO 2 H),