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The first commercially available chemiresistive sensors utilized metal-oxide semiconductors for the detection of carbon monoxide. [1] [12] Although most known for their use in carbon monoxide detectors, metal-oxide semiconductors are capable of sensing other analytes through strategic tuning of their composition. [12]
Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Sensors are most often used for measuring carbon monoxide. [5] The best of these have sensitivities of 20–50 PPM. [5] Most CO sensors are fully calibrated prior to shipping from the factory. Over time, the zero point of the sensor needs to be calibrated to maintain the long term stability of the sensor. [6]
Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond. It is the simplest carbon oxide. In coordination complexes, the carbon monoxide ligand is called carbonyl. It is ...
An Orsat gas analyser or Orsat apparatus is a piece of laboratory equipment used to analyse a gas sample (typically fossil fuel flue gas) for its oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide content. Although largely replaced by instrumental techniques, the Orsat remains a reliable method of measurement and is relatively simple to use. [1]
The LDQ structure of the ground state of O 2 does not involve any electron pairs, in contrast with the Lewis structure of the molecule. Instead, the electrons are arranged as shown below. The LDQ structure of molecular oxygen in the ground state (3 Σ g − state). The oxygen nuclei are coloured red while the electrons are coloured either ...
The type of oxygen sensor used in most underwater diving applications is the electro-galvanic oxygen sensor, a type of fuel cell, which is sometimes called an oxygen analyser or ppO 2 meter. They are used to measure the oxygen concentration of breathing gas mixes such as nitrox and trimix . [ 9 ]
Sensors for carbon dioxide are an example of this approach and they have been commercially available for several years. Cross-sensitivity of electronic chemical sensors may also be utilized to design chemical sensor arrays , which utilize a variety of specific sensors that are cross-reactive for fingerprint detection of target gases in complex ...