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A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans. [ 1 ] Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all.
Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. [1]
Gakkel Ridge Caldera, also known as Gakkel Caldera, is a Pleistocene volcanic caldera located on the Gakkel Ridge beneath the Arctic Ocean, off the northern coast of Siberia. It erupted approximately 1.1 million years ago, with an estimated eruptive volume of 3,000 km 3 (720 cu mi).
Antarctica is home to over 100 volcanoes, many of which lie hidden beneath the ice sheet, particularly along the western coast. ... Antarctic sea ice has been shrinking in recent years, hitting ...
The second volcano from the northwest is not discretely shaped like the rest, rather it is a rough structure of lava cones and flows, which cover an area of at least 25 km × 10 km (16 mi × 6 mi). The six conical volcanoes (not including the odd one) range from 15 to 67 km 3 (4 to 16 cu mi) in volume, averaging 34 ± 15 km 3 (8 ± 4 cu mi).
Submarine eruptions are volcano eruptions which take place beneath the surface of water. These occur at constructive margins, subduction zones and within tectonic plates due to hotspots. This eruption style is far more prevalent than subaerial activity. For example, it is believed that 70 to 80% of the Earth's magma output takes place at mid ...
Then, they found a new volcano-like formation deep in the ocean waters. The new volcano-like structure sits more than 1,600 meters from the water's surface. So, it's far too deep to pose a danger ...
In 2015, researchers found that the volcano's structure bore patterns of magnetic striping on either side, indicating that the volcano is likely a hybrid of a mid-ocean ridge and a shield volcano. Geologic data also indicated that Tamu Massif formed at the junction of three mid-ocean ridges, which was a highly unusual occurrence. [14]