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A study of both the Amitabha and the Amitayus sutras (known as the "longer" Sukhāvatīvyūha in Sanskrit) was published by Luis O. Gomez in 1996. [10] In Japan, Hōnen also commented on the work along with the other Pure Land sutras.
The earliest known reference to Amitābha in a sutra is the Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sūtra, translated into Chinese by Lokakṣema in 179 CE, with the discovery of a Gandhari language fragment of that sutra announced in 2018. [5] Amitabha is mentioned in numerous Buddhist sources. For example, Kenneth Tanaka writes:
A sutra book (okyō) showing passages from the Sukhāvatīvyūha.Obtained from Nishi Honganji temple in Kyoto, Japan.. The Amitāyus Sutra (), simplified Chinese: 佛说无量壽經; traditional Chinese: 佛說無量壽經; pinyin: Fóshuōwúliàngshòujīng; Sutra of Immeasurable Life Spoken by Buddha; Vietnamese: Phật Thuyết Kinh Vô Lượng Thọ; Japanese: Taisho Tripitaka no. 360 ...
The Contemplation Sūtra is part of a genre of Contemplation Sutras (Chinese: 觀經, Guān jīng) that include other similar texts with visual meditations like Samantabhadra Meditation Sutra. [ 3 ] Also called by the short title Contemplation Sutra (觀經, Guān jīng ), this sutra is one of the three principle Pure Land sutras along with the ...
Another important figure in Korean Pure Land thought was the Hwaeom founder Uisang (625–702) who wrote a commentary on the Amitabha sutra, the Amit’a-gyŏng ŭigi (阿彌陀經義記 The meaning of the Amituo jing). [140] Pure land practice was also an important part of the Cheontae school (Korean Tiantai).
Huiyuan's Pure Land commentaries are also important because he is the first commentator to group the "three pure land sutras" (Amitabha Sutra, Amitayus Sutra and Contemplation sutra) into a single set, a grouping that became the canonical set of Pure Land sutras for all later Pure Land Buddhists. [42]
In one type of group practice, participants usually recite this mantra three times after reciting the Heart Sutra or the Amitabha Sutra. The word "rebirth" tends to make people think that this mantra is only about "being reborn", and that it can only serve the particular purpose of going to the Pure Land.
In the Smaller Sūtra, commonly known as the Amitabha Sutra, Buddha Shakyamuni describes the Pure Land of Amitabha to his disciple Śāriputra. The Buddha speaks of the physical and spiritual splendor of Sukhavati, highlighting features such as the seven rows of balustrades, nets, and trees made of the seven precious jewels.