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Although the use of beryllium compounds in fluorescent lighting tubes was discontinued in 1949, potential for exposure to beryllium exists in the nuclear and aerospace industries, in the refining of beryllium metal and the melting of beryllium-containing alloys, in the manufacturing of electronic devices, and in the handling of other beryllium ...
Organoberyllium chemistry involves the synthesis and properties of organometallic compounds featuring the group 2 alkaline earth metal beryllium (Be). [2] The area remains less developed relative to the chemistry of other main-group elements, because Be compounds are toxic and few applications have been found. [3]
Beryllium is used mainly in military applications, [66] but non-military uses exist. In electronics, beryllium is used as a p-type dopant in some semiconductors, [67] and beryllium oxide is used as a high-strength electrical insulator and heat conductor. [68] Beryllium alloys are used for mechanical parts when stiffness, light weight, and ...
In the vapour phase, beryllium oxide is present as discrete diatomic molecules. In the language of valence bond theory , these molecules can be described as adopting sp orbital hybridisation on both atoms, featuring one σ bond (between one sp orbital on each atom) and one π bond (between aligned p orbitals on each atom oriented perpendicular ...
Beryllium fluoride has distinctive optical properties. In the form of fluoroberyllate glass, it has the lowest refractive index for a solid at room temperature of 1.275. Its dispersive power is the lowest for a solid at 0.0093, and the nonlinear coefficient is also the lowest at 2 × 10 −14.
Beryllium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula BeCl 2. It is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that dissolves well in many polar solvents. Its properties are similar to those of aluminium chloride , due to beryllium 's diagonal relationship with aluminium .
Ampholytes are used to establish a stable pH gradient for use in isoelectric focusing. Metal oxides which react with both acids as well as bases to produce salts and water are known as amphoteric oxides. Many metals (such as zinc, tin, lead, aluminium, and beryllium) form amphoteric oxides or hydroxides.
Beryllide is an intermetallic compound of beryllium with other metals, e.g. zirconium, tantalum, titanium, nickel, or cobalt. Typical chemical formulae are Be 12 Ti and FeBe 5. These are hard, metal-like materials that display properties distinct from the constituents, especially with regards to their resilience toward oxidation.