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Psychological evaluation – Depression, anxiety, somatization, and hypochondriasis are associated with worse outcomes for spinal cord stimulators. Experts recommend psychological evaluation prior to placement. A diagnosis with a psychiatric disorder is not a strict contraindication to stimulator placement.
This includes an evaluation of limb function to determine what the patient is capable of doing independently, and teaching the patient self-care skills. [18] Independence in daily activities like eating, bowel and bladder management, and mobility is the goal, as obtaining competency in self-care tasks contributes significantly to an individual ...
As an outcome measure specifically designed for spinal cord injury, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure is a tool that evaluates how safely, cheaply, and independently a patient can do basic activities of daily living.
Patient selection is key, and candidates should pass rigorous psychological screening as well as a medical workup to assure that their pain syndrome is truly medication-resistant. [21] After recuperating from the implant procedure, the patient will return to have the system turned on and programmed.
A patient after incomplete paraplegia (lesion height L3) with a knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) with an integrated stance phase control knee joint. Spinal cord injury patients often require extended treatment in specialized spinal unit or an intensive care unit. [118] The rehabilitation process typically begins in the acute care setting.
A spinal cord stimulator is an implantable medical device that creates electric impulses and applies them near the dorsal surface of the spinal cord, providing a paresthesia ("tingling") sensation that alters the perception of pain by the patient.
Spinal cord implants, such as e-dura implants, designed for implantation on the surface of the spinal cord, are being studied for paralysis following a spinal cord injury. [46] E-dura implants are designed using methods of soft neurotechnology, in which electrodes and a microfluidic delivery system are distributed along the spinal implant. [47 ...
Psychological evaluation is a method to assess an individual's behavior, personality, cognitive abilities, and several other domains. [a] [3] A common reason for a psychological evaluation is to identify psychological factors that may be inhibiting a person's ability to think, behave, or regulate emotion functionally or constructively.