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An n-terminal network can, at best, be reduced to n impedances (at worst ()). For a three terminal network, the three impedances can be expressed as a three node delta (Δ) network or four node star (Y) network. These two networks are equivalent and the transformations between them are given below.
In the electrical distribution field this typically occurs on a medium voltage electrical distribution network of transformers (inductive component) and power cables (capacitive component). If such a network has little or no resistive load connected and one phase of the applied voltage is then interrupted, ferroresonance can occur.
Figure 1: Example two-port network with symbol definitions. Notice the port condition is satisfied: the same current flows into each port as leaves that port.. In electronics, a two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (i.e. a circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits.
A simple electric circuit made up of a voltage source and a resistor. Here, =, according to Ohm's law. An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage sources, current sources, resistances, inductances ...
In a network analysis of such a circuit from a topological point of view, the network nodes are the vertices of graph theory, and the network branches are the edges of graph theory. Standard graph theory can be extended to deal with active components and multi-terminal devices such as integrated circuits .
Network synthesis is all about designing an electrical network that behaves in a prescribed way without any preconception of the network form. Typically, an impedance is required to be synthesised using passive components. That is, a network consisting of resistances (R), inductances (L) and capacitances (C).
Reciprocity of electrical networks is a special case of Lorentz reciprocity, but it can also be proven more directly from network theorems. This proof shows reciprocity for a two-node network in terms of its admittance matrix, and then shows reciprocity for a network with an arbitrary number of nodes by an induction argument.
e is the elementary charge (approximately 1.6 × 10 −19 C) B is the magnetic field (in teslas) m e is the electron mass (approximately 9.1 × 10 −31 kg). The Hall parameter value increases with the magnetic field strength. Physically, the trajectories of electrons are curved by the Lorentz force.