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Subsurface scattering is an indirect form of reflection where some of the light is transmitted into a semi-transparent material, scattered under the surface and bounced back out again.
Physically based rendering (PBR) is a computer graphics approach that seeks to render images in a way that models the lights and surfaces with optics in the real world. It is often referred to as "Physically Based Lighting" or "Physically Based Shading". Many PBR pipelines aim to achieve photorealism.
Drawing the scene with shadows can be done in several different ways. If programmable shaders are available, the depth map test may be performed by a fragment shader which simply draws the object in shadow or lighted depending on the result, drawing the scene in a single pass (after an initial earlier pass to generate the shadow map).
Surface shading - how light spreads across a surface (mostly used in scanline rendering for real-time 3D rendering in video games) Reflection/scattering - how light interacts with a surface at a given point (mostly used in ray-traced renders for non-real-time photorealistic and artistic 3D rendering in both CGI still 3D images and CGI non ...
Shading alters the colors of faces in a 3D model based on the angle of the surface to a light source or light sources. The first image below has the faces of the box rendered, but all in the same color. Edge lines have been rendered here as well which makes the image easier to see. The second image is the same model rendered without edge lines.
Computer graphics lighting is the collection of techniques used to simulate light in computer graphics scenes. While lighting techniques offer flexibility in the level of detail and functionality available, they also operate at different levels of computational demand and complexity.
A view frustum The appearance of an object in a pyramid of vision When creating a parallel projection, the viewing frustum is shaped like a box as opposed to a pyramid.. In 3D computer graphics, a viewing frustum [1] or view frustum [2] is the region of space in the modeled world that may appear on the screen; it is the field of view of a perspective virtual camera system.
Artists may choose to "correct" perspective distortions, for example by drawing all spheres as perfect circles, or by drawing figures as if centered on the direction of view. In practice, unless the viewer observes the image from an extreme angle, like standing far to the side of a painting, the perspective normally looks more or less correct.