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Examples include a 3-dimensional scale model of a building or the scale drawings of the elevations or plans of a building. [1] In such cases the scale is dimensionless and exact throughout the model or drawing. The scale can be expressed in four ways: in words (a lexical scale), as a ratio, as a fraction and as a graphical (bar) scale.
An architect's scale is a specialized ruler designed to facilitate the drafting and measuring of architectural drawings, such as floor plans and Multi-view orthographic projections. Because the scale of such drawings is often smaller than life-size, an architect's scale features multiple units of length and proportional length increments. [1]
A scale factor is usually a decimal which scales, or multiplies, some quantity. In the equation y = Cx, C is the scale factor for x. C is also the coefficient of x, and may be called the constant of proportionality of y to x. For example, doubling distances corresponds to a scale factor of two for distance, while cutting a cake in half results ...
This implies that the vertical scale factor, h, equals the horizontal scale factor, k. Since k = sec φ, so must h. The graph shows the variation of this scale factor with latitude. Some numerical values are listed below. at latitude 30° the scale factor is k = sec 30° = 1.15, at latitude 45° the scale factor is k = sec 45° = 1.41,
A conformal map has an isotropic scale factor. Conversely isotropic scale factors across the map imply a conformal projection. Isotropy of scale implies that small elements are stretched equally in all directions, that is the shape of a small element is preserved. This is the property of orthomorphism (from Greek 'right shape'). The ...
A scale factor of 1 ⁄ 10 cannot be used here, because scaling 160 by 1 ⁄ 10 gives 16, which is greater than the greatest value that can be stored in this fixed-point format. However, 1 ⁄ 11 will work as a scale factor, because the maximum scaled value, 160 ⁄ 11 = 14. 54, fits within this range. Given this set:
μ – scale factor, which is unitless; if it is given in ppm, it must be divided by 1,000,000 and added to 1. R – rotation matrix. Consists of three axes (small [clarification needed] rotations around each of the three coordinate axes) r x, r y, r z. The rotation matrix is an orthogonal matrix. The angles are given in either degrees or radians.
For example, aligning the rightmost 1 on the C scale with 2 on the LL2 scale, 3 on the C scale lines up with 8 on the LL3 scale. To extract a cube root using a slide rule with only C/D and A/B scales, align 1 on the B cursor with the base number on the A scale (taking care as always to distinguish between the lower and upper halves of the A scale).